Dickkopf-related protein 2 (DKK2)is a member of the Dickkopf household in Wnt signaling pathway. Recently, we discovered that antibodies against DKK2 might activate pure killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells in tumors and inhibit tumor progress. In this paper, we report the rational design of peptides for identification of linear epitopes and generation of neutralizing monoclonal anti-DKK2 antibodies.
To break the immune tolerance, we designed and chemically synthesized six peptides akin to totally different areas of DKK2 as immunogens and discovered 5 of them might generate mouse polyclonal antibodies that may bind to the energetic recombinant human DKK2 protein.
Neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibodies (5F8 and 1A10) against human DKK2 had been efficiently developed by immunizing the mice with two totally different peptides (34KLNSIKSSL42 and 240KVWKDATYS248) conjugated to Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The monoclonal antibodies not solely abolish DKK2’s suppression of Wnt signaling in vitro but additionally inhibits tumor progress in vivo. Currently, these two mAbs are present process humanization as immunotherapy candidates and might supply a brand new drug for remedy of human cancers.
Characterization of a human monoclonal antibody generated from a B-cell particular for a prefusion-stabilized spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes extreme respiratory an infection and continues to contaminate people, thereby contributing to a excessive mortality fee (34.3% in 2019).
In the absence of an obtainable licensed vaccine and antiviral agent, therapeutic human antibodies have been instructed as candidates for remedy. In this examine, human monoclonal antibodies had been remoted by sorting B cells from affected person’s PBMC cells with prefusion stabilized spike (S) probes and a direct immunoglobulin cloning technique. We recognized six receptor-binding area (RBD)-specific and 5 S1 (non-RBD)-specific antibodies, amongst which, solely the RBD-specific antibodies confirmed excessive neutralizing efficiency (IC50 0.006-1.787 μg/ml) in addition to excessive affinity to RBD.
Notably, passive immunization utilizing a extremely potent antibody (KNIH90-F1) at a comparatively low dose (2 mg/kg) utterly protected transgenic mice expressing human DPP4 against MERS-CoV deadly problem.
These outcomes instructed that human monoclonal antibodies remoted through the use of the rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV S probe could possibly be thought of potential candidates for the event of therapeutic and/or prophylactic antiviral brokers for MERS-CoV human an infection.